Since 2005, nearly 72% of the energy consumed in Turkey is obtained through imports and one third of all the energy output is used for heating and cooling purposes in houses. It is known that the lack of water and heat insulation coatingapplications in Turkey caused a loss of five billon dollars in 2005.

As the time passes, problems such as climate changes, increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and other gases that retain the heat, increase in environmental problems and decrease in the number of living species are increasingly observed. Activities carried out in this context are of great importance for the housing and the well-being of the users of such housing, user and country economy, and prevention of damage to the natural environment.

What is Insulation:

Insulation is a branch of structural physics. It examines the measures that need to be taken in order to keep the physical movements in the structures under control and to make them smooth. It contains materials, states, details and execution mechanisms targeting the structure, resistance and impermeability of the structure against the destructive factors of heat and water origin.

Goal of Insulation:

The ability to preserve structures from internal and external factors is closely related to whether or not insulation has been made. Insulation aims to protect the house from all these internal and external factors, together with its transmitter mechanism and structure components, and to create healthy and entertaining spaces.

The aim of the insulation is to extend the lifetime of the structures, to keep the reinforcement expenditures at minimum, and to create spaces that can be used in a healthy and comfortable way for the users. Insulation measures:

Insulation measures are generally examined under two headings. They are named as measures that protect the structure and the measures that protect the user. Each building is located in a certain neighborhood and faces negative influences from this neighborhood. Insulation measures also aims controlling these external factors.

Factors that affect the structure externally and are likely to damage the structure can be listed as follows: Snow, Wind, Sunlight, Floor water, Rain stream water, Extreme heat or cold. Along with these factors that can damage the structure, there are also effects such as sound and clamour that can directly damage the user.

Benefits of Insulation:

Insulation is the proper preservation of structures from internal and external factors. Therefore, the first benefit of insulation focuses on structure itself. Insulation prolongs the life of the structure by ensuring that the structure remains durable and safe through preventing external factors from causing destructive effects on the structure.

The durability of the structure is of great importance in terms of life safety of the user of such structures. In fact, insulation is an indispensable practice for the comfort and well-being of the users. Protecting people from the casualties of external factorscan only be achieved by insulation. Insulation also creates economic advantages.

The effects of factors damaging the structure seem to be long-lasting. However, it is possible to see the increase effect of the insulation in a short time. Among the insulation types, the most supportive of the energy increase is heat insulation. For this reason, heat insulation shine out among the types of insulation. However, the economic advantages provided by other types of insulation should not be overlooked. Ensuring the longevity of the structures provides economic advantages along with preventing resource waste.

Water Insulation Applications in Structures:

Water insulation in structures is applied to prevent the water from damaging the structure and the structure components by passing from the structure shell to the interior, no matter how fast, in what condition and from where it comes. Mainly, water insulation is categorized into two as structural and surface water insulation. Structural water insulation is the mechanism applied to provide ease of production during the production of concrete items, to increase the quality of the concrete and to reduce water transfer and water effects to the structure by adding structure chemicals in the form of dust or liquid in order to create water impermeability.

Water insulation on surface is the process made with special water insulation materials to form a water-impermeable layer between the structure shell and outer area where water can come out.

How Heat Insulation is Done:

Heat insulation executions can be done in structures and heating equipment. Heat losses in structures; consists of a housing shell such as floor, wall, roof, and structural elements such as windows, chimneys, doors. Heat insulation in buildings also consists of executions to be made on the surfaces where heat loss occurs. Roof insulation applications differ according to the shape of the roofs. Roof insulations are done with insulation sheets or mattresses. These materials are utilized by mounting on the surface, top or bottom of the roof, according to the condition of the roof. Insulation on the walls is achieved mostly by mounting various materials on the walls. Wall insulations can be done from the outside and inside of the building. Insulation on windows is mostly achieved by double glazing. In addition, roving and gasket modifications can be made on the opening parts of doors and windows.